Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a condition related to migraine, which most commonly affects children between 3 months and 7 years. The disorder occurs without any apparent cause; it is not attributed to gastrointestinal diseases or other diseases.
How it manifests itself
Cyclical vomiting is one of the "periodic syndromes of childhood, possible common precursors of migraine". The syndrome is characterized by recurrent and prolonged attacks of vomiting and intense nausea, often associated with pallor, prostration and lethargy. The patient manifests abundant salivation, much thirst and difficulty in speaking or swallowing.
These episodes are repeated at least 4 times per hour, for a period ranging from 1 hour to 5 days. Between vomiting attacks, periods of well-being are interspersed, in which patients do not show any obvious symptoms. The intensity of the episodes may vary over time. The disorder may persist for several months to several decades.
How to intervene
Cyclic vomiting syndrome is an episodic condition that is self-limited. The severity of the attack can be mitigated by administering an anti-nausea drug and resting in a dark and tranquil environment. Since the child may experience severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, hospitalization is sometimes necessary.
