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diet and health

Diet and Colitis

What is Colite?

Colitis is a disorder (often not well diagnosed) that affects the second intestinal portion of the large intestine, or the colon; it is a generic term that contains many different pathological forms but etiologically classifiable in two types: inflammatory colitis and / or autoimmune colitis .

Classification

  • Ulcerative colitis: inflammatory; manifests itself with bloody diarrhea
  • Crohn's colitis: inflammatory; stenosis, small ulcers, fistulas, perianal lesions; less bleeding than ulcerative colitis
  • Ischemic colitis: sudden onset vascular disease; pain due to mucosal necrosis
  • Collagenotic colitis: inflammatory; watery diarrhea, formation of sub-epithelial collagen
  • Microscopic lymphocytic colitis: inflammatory; watery diarrhea, increase in intra-epithelial lymphocytes
  • Infectious colitis: caused by infectious pathogens present in the faeces
  • Pseudo-membranous colitis: similar to ischemic colitis; membranes and fibro-purulent apical lesions are observed
  • Amoebic colitis: amoebas present in faeces; focal ulcers similar to ulcerative colitis
  • Gonococcal proctitis: pathogenic bacteria "cocchi" or "gram positive"; rectal pain and graininess with pus production.

Diet and symptoms

The symptoms of colitis are many and vary between different pathological forms. Generally they relate to the digestive system and the uro-genital reflection; frequent symptoms of a generic nature (flatulence, abdominal bloating, constipation and / or diarrhea, often alternating, abdominal cramps ...).

Recall that often a specific diet is able to limit the onset of symptoms related to colitis, as often the diet is the primary cause of the onset of the disorder (see symptoms related to permanent food intolerances [such as celiac disease] or transient [ such as lactose] during an intestinal infection).

Symptoms

  • Intestinal symptoms: pain, discomfort, borborigmas, abdominal distention, pain in the anus and perineum related to alteration of the hollow (frequency of evacuation) and changes in fecal consistency with the presence of mucus.
  • Other symptoms of the digestive tract: halitosis, heartburn (burning in the throat) and unpleasant bitter taste due to bowel pressure against the stomach, resulting in gastro-oesophageal reflux. Nausea, vomiting, early satiety and stomach pain.
  • Urogenital symptoms: urgency to urinate, nocturia (urgency to urinate during the night), or sense of incomplete and / or difficult emptying of the bladder.
  • General symptoms: headache, muscle and tendon pain, chronic fatigue and drowsiness, dizziness, neuro-dermatitis, anxiety, depression and hypochondria due to general disorders. IMPORTANT loss of appetite and associated weight loss.

Diet

The diet for colitis is a simple diet, which uses light foods and mild cooking methods, but above all FREE of any irritating mucosa molecule.

The following cooking methods are excluded in the colitis diet:

  • Frying
  • PROLONGED cooking in casserole (also called stracottura) or in the oven
  • Grilled cooking
  • Griddle cooking
  • "Violent" cooking in the pan
  • The raw food of meat, fish, eggs

On the contrary, we recommend:

  • Boiling vegetables and fish
  • Steaming vegetables and fish
  • Cooking in a "sweet" and progressive, cold (starting with the cold pan)
  • Microwave cooking (questionable)

The following foods and food groups are not recommended in the colitis diet:

  • Alcohol and coffee
  • Acid and carbonated drinks
  • Stinging sauces and spices (pepper, paprika, curry etc.)
  • Milk and dairy products (as they contain lactose)
  • Legumes WITH BUTCHIE
  • Dried fruit
  • Fruit containing small seeds or achenes
  • Industrial products containing sweeteners (sorbitol, aspartame, saccharin, etc.)
  • Chocolate
  • Saturated fats, hydrogenated fats, oils obtained with heat or chemical (seed) treatments

On the contrary, we recommend:

  • Raw and cooked vegetables but better if without seeds
  • Raw and cooked fruit but better if without seeds
  • PASSED legumes but in moderate doses
  • Low-fat meat
  • Lean fish
  • Extra virgin olive oil
  • In moderation: soft-boiled eggs and Grana Padano cheese or Parmesan cheese

According to some naturists, the consumption of: in the colitis diet could be useful:

  • Decoction of blueberry leaves
  • Blueberry fruits
  • Decoction of mallow or marshmallow
  • Clay water - clay for herbal use dissolved in water
  • Fennel teas

The diet for colitis MUST guarantee an intake of dietary fiber of about 30g a day, however, it would also be appropriate to draw up a personalized nutritional therapy, taking into consideration the susceptibility of the patient suffering from colitis. In case of uncertain diagnosis, it is advisable to start therapy with an "elementary" diet, ie with few foods and possibly hypoallergenic (apple, veal, white fish, etc.) and integrate others progressively by evaluating the response of the large intestine.

Curiosity

According to some experimental studies performed in the rat, a good treatment against ulcerative rectocolitis is represented by rectal administration of short chain fatty acids (AGCC), in particular butyric acid. It seems that this kind of therapy improves inflammation and promotes the reconstruction of gastric mucosa by stimulating transglutaminase (enzyme) which reacts by assembling more collagen and fibronectin as components of the cell matrix (D'Argenio, 1994-1996); treatment with butyrate was also effective in preventing the most unpleasant complication of ulcerative colitis, or colon cancer (D'Argenio and Mazzacca, 1999). Let us remember, however, that in the clinic of the last decade, clinical trials do not seem to fully confirm the desired results.

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