Toxoplasmosis is a significant problem if it is contracted for the first time during pregnancy .
Toxoplasma gondii can reach the fetus through the placenta and cause damage to the nervous system and eyes. In some cases, the infection results in preterm birth or intrauterine death.
If the future mother had already come into contact with Toxoplasma gondii before pregnancy, however, it is not susceptible (since the people who contract the disease are generally immune for the rest of their lives) and there are no risks to the fetus resulting from infections later. In Italy, it is estimated that 30-40% of women of childbearing age are already protected against toxoplasmosis.
The severity of the fetal infection depends on the age of gestation in which the maternal infection occurs. The risk of serious consequences for the fetus is greater if toxoplasmosis is acquired in the first trimester of pregnancy .
Before pregnancy, it is therefore important to perform a blood test to assess the presence of toxoplasmosis-specific antibodies ( Toxo test ) and to know your immune status against the parasite .
In the event that the search for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies provides a negative outcome (so the pregnant woman is not protected against toxoplasmosis) it is important to follow some hygienic precautions to reduce the risk of infection and periodically undergo Toxo testing. Early diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics of the future mother can still prevent or reduce fetal damage.
