infectious diseases

Contagion and biological wars in history

The fear that some conflicts may lead to the use of biological weapons by terrorists is periodically brought to the fore by the media.

Going back in history, however, we realize that the use of biological weapons by man has ancient roots. For example, already in 400 BC the Scythian archers infected their arrows by dipping them in manure, bodies or in the blood of corpses to infect the opponent.

In 1347, during the siege of the Genoese colony of Caffa (today's Feodosija), the Tartars struck by a plague epidemic threw the corpses beyond the city walls with the help of catapults. From this Genoese colony, then, the black plague spread rapidly through trade with Italy, giving way to one of the most devastating epidemics in the history of humanity.

In 1710, during the Russian-Swedish war, it seems that the generals sent their plague-stricken soldiers to die among the enemy garrisons and infect them.

In 1763 in Nova Scotland, General Jeffrey Amherest donated blankets infected with the smallpox virus to the Canadian Redskins, resulting in the extermination of the entire people.

At about the same time, the British sent syphilitic prostitutes to the Maori in New Zealand.