AMBRAMYCIN ® is a drug based on tetracycline hydrochloride
THERAPEUTIC GROUP: General antimicrobials for systemic use - Tetracycline
IndicationsAction mechanismStudies and clinical effectiveness Usage and dosage instructionsWarnings Pregnancy and lactationInteractionsContraindicationsUndesirable effects
Indications AMBRAMICINA ® Tetracycline
AMBRAMICINA ® is indicated in the treatment of infectious diseases sustained by microorganisms sensitive to tetracyclines.
This antibiotic has been shown to be particularly effective in the course of pneumonia and bronchitis, infections of the urogenital system, skin and soft tissue infections, bacterial meningitis, brucellosis, eye and otorhinolaryngology and in the prevention of surgical site infections.
Mechanism of action AMBRAMYCINE ® Tetracycline
Tetracycline, the active ingredient of AMBRAMICINA ®, from which the whole pharmacological category of tetracyclines takes its name, is a first generation tetracycline, obtained by catalytic hydrogenolysis of chlorotetracycline but naturally synthesized also by particular species of Streptomyces, known for its marked properties antibiotic.
Depending on the dosage used this antibiotic can perform an action:
- bacteriostatic, useful to avoid further bacterial growth;
- bactericidal, necessary instead to significantly reduce the bacterial load.
In both cases the therapeutic action is realized through the inhibition of protein synthesis, obtained by the binding of tetracycline to the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, and therefore the impossibility of the tRNA to transport the amino acid useful for lengthening the peptide chain .
Despite the wide spectrum of action, also directed towards all those bacterial species generally resistant to penicillin therapy, tetracyclines express their maximum efficacy of action especially with respect to gram-negative bacteria, given the low permeability they present in the comparisons of the bacterial wall of Gram positive organisms.
The rapid intestinal absorption and the good bioavailability presented by tetracycline allow it to be taken by mouth, thus optimizing the therapeutic compliance for the patient.
Studies carried out and clinical efficacy
1 MECHANISMS OF RESISTANCE TO TETRACICLINE
Microb Drug Resist. 2012 Jun 28.
Interesting work that demonstrates one of the possible mechanisms of resistance implemented by the various microorganisms. In this case it was possible to characterize the presence of tetracycline efflux pumps on Campylobacter strains, able to reduce the intracellular concentrations of the drug.
2 . PHARMACOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS FOR THE RELEASE OF TETRACYCLINE
Int J Biol Macromol. 2012 Jun 15.
End of pharmacokinetic work that tries to characterize the kinetic, dynamic and therapeutic properties of tetracycline taken in the form of particles encapsulated with chitosan, able to further promote the activation of immune cells
3. THE TETRACICLINE IN THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITE
Indian J Pharmacol. 2012 Mar; 44 (2): 161-7.
Innovative therapeutic approach to chronic periodontitis, infectious pathology supported by gram-negative bacteria capable of affecting the tooth's supporting structures, which demonstrates how the intake of tetracyclines and derivatives can be an effective and safe therapeutic protocol.
Method of use and dosage
AMBRAMICINA ®
250 mg tetracycline hydrochloride hard capsules for oral use.
In most cases, taking one capsule every 4-6 hours has been shown to be effective in controlling bacterial proliferation and rapidly reducing the complained symptoms.
Considering an effective dose of 15-25 mg per kg of body weight, the total daily dosage could increase in patients with high body weight.
In order to avoid potential relapses, antibiotic therapy should be continued for at least 48 hours after the symptoms have disappeared.
Longer antibiotic treatments may be needed during diseases such as brucellosis or bacterial endocarditis.
Warnings AMBRAMICINA ® Tetracycline
AMBRAMICINA ® therapy should be under the supervision of your doctor, who after isolating the organism and verifying the sensitivity to tetracyclines, could prescribe dosages and timing of intake based on the patient's physiopathological characteristics, the severity of the clinical picture and therapeutic goals.
Known metabolism and potential side effects of tetracyclines, particular caution should be reserved for patients in pediatric and geriatric age or suffering from liver and kidney diseases.
Prolonged use of AMBRAMICINA ® could lead to the spread of tetracycline-resistant strains, sometimes responsible for gastro-enteric diseases, even serious
The use of tetracycline exposes the patient to the risk of burns, erythema and dermatological reactions following exposure to ultraviolet rays, due to the photosensitivity induced by the antibiotic.
PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING
The use of AMBRAMICINA ® during pregnancy and in the subsequent period of breastfeeding should be limited to cases of real need.
The entire treatment should be supervised by the specialist doctor in order to monitor the effectiveness of the therapy in place and the absence of any side effects.
Interactions
Patients being treated with AMBRAMICINA ® should pay particular attention to the concomitant administration of antacid preparations based on calcium, aluminum or magnesium, able to reduce the intestinal absorption of the antibiotic, oral anticoagulants, associated with an increased risk of bleeding, penicillins and beta-lactam antibiotics, capable of interfering with the normal therapeutic properties of tetracyclines.
Contraindications AMBRAMYCINE ® Tetracycline
The use of AMBRAMICINA ® is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to tetracycline and its excipients.
Undesirable effects - Side effects
Although tetracycline treatment is generally well tolerated and has no clinically relevant side effects, taking AMBRAMICINA ® may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, anemia, neutropenia, eosinophilia, dermatological reactions such as hives, erythema and edema .
Tetracycline intake has been rarely associated with the appearance of dental dyschromia and enamel hypoplasia in pediatric patients, while hyperazotemia in adult patients due to the strong catabolic action of tetracycline.
Note
AMBRAMYCIN ® is a prescription drug.
