Definition
Nocturnal cramps are involuntary, sudden and transient muscle contractions, which typically occur in the calf, thigh and foot area. The painful pangs are very intense and often immobilize the affected part.
The symptom is generally described as a spasm. The muscles of the lower limbs appear to be contracted and rigid to the touch, but without edema or ecchymosis. Night cramps generally last a few minutes, but, if they occur at night, they can also cause frequent awakenings of the person, who cannot rest well and will inevitably be tired the next day.
There are various factors that can cause night cramps. When they appear at rest, however, they are often due to a decrease in the amount of mineral salts present in the body. At the base of this problem there may be, for example, excessive sweating and / or dehydration during the summer season. If they appear frequently, night cramps could signal, in particular, a deficiency or imbalance of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and vitamin D.
Cramps may also appear during treatment with certain drugs (eg diuretics) or during pregnancy. Intense stress and physical fatigue can also be predisposed to this event.
Night cramps can also indicate the presence of circulation problems, more or less serious, such as peripheral atherosclerosis, venous thrombosis, varicose veins and phlebitis.
Furthermore, muscle contractions during the night can signal the presence of restless legs syndrome, a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable and urgent need to move the legs.
Possible Causes * of Night Cramps
- Alcoholism
- Anemia
- Atherosclerosis
- Celiac disease
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Pregnancy
- Kidney failure
- Hypothyroidism
- Parkinson's disease
- Pancreatitis
- Restless legs syndrome
- Fanconi syndrome
- thrombophlebitis
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Varicose veins
