Definition
Proctitis is defined as an inflammatory process, acute or chronic, affecting the rectum and the moss that covers it.
Causes
Numerous and numerous possible aetiological factors responsible for proctitis: drug abuse (laxatives / antidiarrheal, antibiotics), ulcerative colitis, bacterial infections (salmonella, shigella), sexually transmitted diseases (eg gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes), Crohn's disease, unprotected sexual intercourse, radiation therapy, food poisoning and trauma.
Symptoms
The typical symptoms associated with proctitis are: rectal pain, minor rectal bleeding, frequent need to defecate and anal mucus or pus leakage. Moreover, often the patient suffering from proctitis complains of diarrhea, dehydration, fever, anal itching and rectal tenesmus.
Diet and Nutrition
Information on Proctitis - Proctitis Treatment Drugs is not intended to replace the direct relationship between health professional and patient. Always consult your doctor and / or specialist before taking Proctitis - Proctitis Treatment Medicines.
drugs
Given the numerous causes triggering proctitis, the drug must be chosen exclusively on an aetiological basis; strictly speaking, it would be unintelligent to start a therapy regardless of the identification of the cause. To give a practical example, it would be useless to take antibiotics when proctitis is the result of genital herpes.
Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs and corticosteroids): to be taken exclusively in the case of proctitis of an inflammatory nature. Generally, a therapy with topical application (via the rectum) is recommended, but when the patient is not able to retain liquid enemas, it is preferable to opt for a treatment with systemic action (orally). In the event of severity, it is possible to subject the patient to intravenous therapy.
- MESALAZINE (or 5-aminosalicylic acid) (eg ASACOL, CLAVERSAL, Asalex, Enteraproct, Mesaflor): this drug is useful for all inflammatory forms affecting the intestine, both for remission of symptoms and for the prevention of recurrences . For the treatment of proctitis, we recommend topical-rectal administration of suppositories of 500 mg: 1 suppository three times a day. As a rectal solution, topical application of 2 grams of the drug is recommended twice a day (morning and evening before bedtime), or 4 grams once a day (before bedtime). The duration of treatment must be established by the attending physician. Oral administration of mesalazine in tablets is also possible: take 2-4 g of active ingredient per day, in divided doses, as prescribed by the doctor.
- Balsalazide (eg Balzide): in the case of proctitis caused by ulcerative colitis, oral administration of 2.25 g of drug is recommended three times a day for 8-12 weeks. Useful to avoid the proctitis degeneration in ulcerative megacolon.
- Olsalazine (eg Dipentum) also this drug, like the previous one, is used in therapy for the treatment of proctitis associated with ulcerative colitis. Take from 500 mg to 1 gram of drug per day, divided into two doses. Alternatively, take 4 doses of 500 mg a day when it is a severe form. Although the duration of therapy should be established by the doctor, in most cases, it does not last more than 7 days.
- Sulfasalazine (eg Salazopyrin EN) is a drug combined with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and sulfapiridine, which is effective for the treatment of proctitis due to ulcerative colitis. Take rectally (suppositories) 0.5-1 g of drug in the morning and evening after evacuation. The active ingredient can also be found in the form of clisms, to be administered 3 g in the evening before bedtime: retain the active ingredient for at least an hour. Alternatively, take 1-2 g of drug orally, repeating the operation up to 4 times a day.
- Hydrocortisone (eg Locoidon, Colifoam): the drug, belonging to the class of corticosteroids, should be taken at a dose of 100 mg (rectal suspension) in the evening for 21 days or for remission of symptoms to occur. In severe cases, the therapy can be continued for 2 or 3 months. When the treatment does not give results within 2-3 weeks, stop taking the drug. When the therapy lasts over 21 days, slowly decrease the dosage before stopping the treatment. Consult your doctor.
- Budesonide (eg. Biben, Pulmaxan): particularly indicated for the treatment of proctitis associated with Crohn's disease. Or take 3 mg of active, 3 times a day for 8 weeks. In the last two weeks of treatment, it is recommended to gradually reduce the dose before ending the drug. The active ingredient is also recommended in the case of proctitis caused by ulcerative colitis of the rectum: in this case, it is advised to rectilize an enema in the evening before going to bed, for a period of 4 weeks.
Antibiotics : administration of antibiotics is not indicated for all forms of proctitis. Exclusively in the case of bacterial infections associated with proctitis, it is recommended to take antibacterial-antibiotic drugs. Here are some examples:
- METRONIDAZOLE (eg. Flagyl, Metronidazole Same, Rozex): indicated for proctitis due to Crohn's disease and trichomoniasis. In the first case, oral administration of 250 mg of drug is recommended every 6 hours; in the second, instead, the recommended dose is 2 g once a day (or 500 mg twice a day, depending on the severity of the disease) for a period of 7 days; alternatively, take 375 mg of active ingredient twice a day for 7 days.
- Doxycycline (eg Doxicicl, Bassado): this antibiotic, belonging to the class of tetracyclines, is useful in cases of proctitis from sexually transmitted diseases. It is recommended that the drug be administered at a dose of 100 mg once a day, preferably associated with ceftriaxone (eg Ceftriaxone, Pantoxon, Ragex, Deixim), belonging to the class of quinolones.
NB in the case of proctitis, it is advisable to follow a balanced diet, without excesses, excluding spicy and spicy foods, responsible for a possible aggravation of the symptomatology.
