Currently, no authorized vaccine is available to prevent dengue . The characteristics of the four virus serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4) have been studied in recent years, after an increase in the spread of the disease was recorded. Unfortunately, having contracted dengue protects the subject only against the virus that caused it, while it involves only a brief and not lasting immunity with respect to the other three viral serotypes.
Among the tested anti-dengue candidates, the most promising product is the Cyd-Tdv vaccine developed by Sanofi Pasteur, which has reached phase 3 of clinical development. According to research published in The Lancet, the product has been shown to guarantee moderate protection (56.5%) against dengue, in areas where it is endemic (Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and Malaysia). The vaccine, in particular, was effective against three of the four viral serotypes responsible for the disease.
Pending confirmation of these assessments, the most effective measure against dengue is to avoid vector bites in endemic areas, using repellents and protective clothing. To prevent the spread of infection, moreover, mosquito nets should be applied over the beds, doors and windows, as well as implementing all measures to reduce mosquito infestation in outdoor environments: proper disposal of sewage water and removal of solid urban waste, periodic disinfestation and elimination of the water collections that can be used for the development of larvae.
