Definition
Disorthography is a specific learning disability, which manifests itself as the inability to correctly translate the sounds that make up words into written graphemes.
Typical errors concern the doubles, the difficulty to distinguish similar letters in the form, the inversion of graphemes, the use of the h or of the apostrophe and the substitution of similar sounds; some examples: shovel instead of ball, lanelo to say the ring, shirt for shirt, vaccia instead of face, catolina instead of postcard, F used instead of V, T as D or L as R etc.
Disorthography is not a disorder that depends on intellectual abilities, usually in the media, but refers to a specific skill. In particular, this problem can derive from language difficulties, poor perception and auditory and visual discrimination, spatio-temporal organization not yet sufficiently acquired or slow process in graphic symbolization.
Like other learning disabilities, dysorthography can be favored by factors that negatively affect child development, such as severe social isolation or emotional deprivation, anxiety and low self-esteem.
Possible Causes * of Spelling
- Anxiety
- Dyspraxia
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
