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In addition to the numerous references to the known cholesterol-lowering properties of walnuts, in the literature some evidences can be found about their protective effect against prostate cancer.
These benefits are mainly due to phytosterols, molecules very similar to cholesterol present in plants. This analogy between the two molecules causes phytosterols to reduce blood cholesterol levels, reducing lipid absorption in the intestine.
Furthermore, some phytosterols have a structure very similar to that of androgenic hormones (which looks at random from cholesterol). Therefore, phytosterols can bind to androgen receptors; however, not being perfect, this bond produces a much more limited endocrine response.
Now, given that many prostate problems, including benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer, are aggravated by high levels of androgens, taking phytosterols through nuts could be a valuable aid in preventing these diseases.
Not surprisingly, some studies paint walnuts as a valid aid in the prevention of breast cancer. Many forms of breast cancer, in fact, are favored by high levels of estrogen, hormones derived from cholesterol for which receptors, some phytoestrogens show a good affinity.