Premise
The following indications are for information purposes EXCLUSIVELY and are not intended to replace the opinion of professional figures such as doctor, nutritionist or dietician, whose intervention is necessary for the prescription and composition of CUSTOMIZED food therapies.
General information on gastritis
Gastritis is an acute or chronic suffering of the gastric mucosa; the acute form is caused (or at least aggravated) by the reckless ingestion of spicy, hyperproteic and hyperlipidic foods, alcohol, smoking, coffee and NSAIDs. The chronic one, instead, is generated mainly by gastric infection by Helicobacter pylori.
The symptoms of gastritis are recognizable because they manifest themselves more or less analogously in all clinical cases and are: heartburn, loss of appetite, secondary intestinal disorders, abdominal cramps, halitosis, vomiting, etc. Even if the treatment varies according to the triggering cause (often partially psychosomatic: stress), in the therapeutic context they are always NECESSARY: the removal of the aforementioned elements, the reduction of food portions, the use of an antacid to reduce the acute symptom, the use of gastro-protectors, the use of proton pump inhibitors, the use of antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori (the latter, only by medical prescription).
Diet for gastritis
In the vast majority of cases, gastritis can be treated and prevented with food therapy; The essential guidelines and behaviors to treat gastritis are:
- Reduce the STRESS
- Eat slowly and chew carefully
- Avoid too abundant meals and manage them in such a way that they favor the achievement of satiety but not without composting the gastric FULLNESS (especially in the evening)
- Eliminate the irritating agents: smoke, ALL nerves (alcohol, caffeine, theine, other contents in energy drinks etc.), ALL spices
- Eliminate carbonated and acidic beverages (such as cola, orange juice, tonic etc.)
- Reduce, or rather eliminate, the foods preserved with salt: the canned in brine, the preserved meats (salted, sausages etc.), the very mature cheeses etc.
- Reduce, or rather eliminate, excessively fatty and protein-rich foods: cuts of fatty meat (ribs, pancetta, etc.), sausages (sausages, salami, sausages, etc.), hamburgher, very mature and fermented cheeses
- Abundant portions of milk (which reduce heartburn instantly, but have a rebound effect at the time of gastric emptying)
- Avoid eating sour fruit in small, isolated meals
On the contrary, in the diet for gastritis it is necessary to use easily digestible foods such as:
- Cereals and legumes NOT overcooked
- Fresh cheeses, yogurt and milk with moderate lipid content and in small portions
- Lean fish
- Low-fat meat
- Vegetables
NB . It is crucial to choose simple cooking methods, sufficient to denature the proteins but not so protracted as to re-structure the tertiary and quaternary structure or to cause the superficial carbonization of the food (they are recommended: boiling, steaming, baked in foil, pan with soft fire etc.); furthermore, it may be useful to partially dissociate energy macronutrients.
In addition to avoiding protein and very fatty foods, it is useful not to overdo the dressing oil on dishes and pasta dishes, and not to combine large portions of carbohydrates with proteins (as they require a different pH in digestion).
NB . Many subjects (but not all) complain of poor digestion by inserting the fruit at the end of the meal.
Useful supplements in the diet for gastritis
More than useful supplements, it would be better to talk about natural remedies that reduce gastric secretion and / or protect the mucosa. The use of content herbal teas is therefore widespread: atropine, scopolamine, extracts of the leaf of belladonna as anticholinergics (reduce gastric secretion) and / or: marshmallow, alginic acid, mallow and aloe gel as gastro-protectors.
Diet for gastritis: example
- Lawyer, he works every day and even late at night; dinner at night times. He complains of severe pain in the epigastric area, especially in the morning when he is awake.
Sex | Male | |||
Age | 38 | |||
Stature cm | 181 | |||
Wrist circumference cm | 17.1 | |||
Constitution | Normal | |||
Stature / wrist | 10.6 | |||
Morphological type | lanky | |||
Weight kg | 78.0 | |||
Body mass index | 23.8 | |||
Desirable physiological body mass index | 20.9 | |||
Desirable physiological weight kg | 68.5 | |||
Basal kcal metabolism | 1673.6 | |||
Coefficient of physical activity level | Lightweight, no AUS 1.41 | |||
Kcal energy expenditure | 2359.8 | |||
Diet | NORMO CALORICA | 2360 Kcal | ||
Lipids | 25% | 590kcal | 65, 6g | |
Protein | 1.2g / kg | 328, 8kcal | 82, 2g | |
Carbohydrates | 61.1% | 1441kcal | 384, 3g | |
Breakfast | 15% | 354kcal | ||
Snack | 10% | 236kcal | ||
Lunch | 35% | 826kcal | ||
Snack | 10% | 236kcal | ||
Dinner | 30% | 780kcal |
Gastritis diet example - DAY 1
Breakfast, about 15% kcal TOT | |||
Milk with reduced fat content, 2% | 200ml, 100, 0kcal | ||
Toast biscuits | 40g, 170.4kcal | ||
Generic jam | 30g, 83.4kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
Kiwi | 250g, 152.5kcal | ||
Simple commercial biscuits | 25g, 91.3kcal | ||
Lunch, about 35% kcal TOT | |||
Pasta with tomato sauce | |||
Semolina pasta | 90g, 320.4kcal | ||
Tomato puree | 100g, 24.0kcal | ||
Parmigiano | 10g, 39.2kcal | ||
Steamed chicken breast | |||
Chicken breast, only meat | 100g, 110.0kcal | ||
Lettuce | 100g, 18.0kcal | ||
Italian bread | 30g, 81.3kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 20g, 180.0kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
Pere | 250g, 145.0kcal | ||
Skim milk yogurt | 125g, 70.0kcal | ||
Dinner, about 30% kcal TOT | |||
Pan-fried veal loin | |||
Veal loin, lean meat | 150g, 174kcal | ||
chard | 200g, 38kcal | ||
Italian bread | 150g, 406, 5kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 15g, 135.0kcal |
Example of a gastritis diet - DAY 2
Breakfast, about 15% kcal TOT | ||||
Milk with reduced fat content, 2% | 200ml, 100, 0kcal | |||
Toast biscuits | 40g, 170.4kcal | |||
Generic jam | 30g, 83.4kcal | |||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | ||||
oranges | 250g, 157.5kcal | |||
Simple commercial biscuits | 25g, 91.3kcal | |||
Lunch, about 35% kcal TOT | ||||
Zucchini risotto | ||||
White rice, short grain | 90g, 322.5kcal | |||
Zucchini | 100g, 16.0kcal | |||
Parmigiano | 10g, 39.2kcal | |||
Milk flakes | ||||
Reduced-fat milk flakes | 120g, 103.2kcal | |||
Radicchio | 100g, 23.0kcal | |||
Italian bread | 30g, 81.3kcal | |||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 20g, 180.0kcal | |||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | ||||
Apple, with peel | 250g, 130.0kcal | |||
Skim milk yogurt | 125g, 70.0kcal | |||
Dinner, about 30% kcal TOT | ||||
Steamed seabass | ||||
Sea bass, various species | 200g, 194kcal | |||
Eggplant | 200g, 48kcal | |||
Italian bread | 150g, 406, 5kcal | |||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 15g, 135.0kcal |
Example of a gastritis diet - DAY 3
Breakfast, about 15% kcal TOT | ||||
Milk with reduced fat content, 2% | 200ml, 100, 0kcal | |||
Toast biscuits | 40g, 170.4kcal | |||
Generic jam | 30g, 83.4kcal | |||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | ||||
Mandarins | 250g, 132.5kcal | |||
Simple commercial biscuits | 25g, 91.3kcal | |||
Lunch, about 35% kcal TOT | ||||
Polenta with mushrooms | ||||
Sliced polenta | 180g, 329.4kcal | |||
Champignon mushrooms | 100g, 22.0kcal | |||
Parmigiano | 10g, 39.2kcal | |||
tuna | ||||
Natural tuna | 80g, 102.4kcal | |||
Rocket salad | 100g, 25.0kcal | |||
Italian bread | 30g, 81.3kcal | |||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 20g, 180.0kcal | |||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | ||||
Pineapple | 250g, 125.0kcal | |||
Skim milk yogurt | 125g, 70.0kcal | |||
Dinner, about 30% kcal TOT | ||||
Ricotta cheese | ||||
Semi-skimmed milk ricotta | 150g, 207.0kcal | |||
Fennel | 200g, 62kcal | |||
Italian bread | 150g, 406, 5kcal | |||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 10g, 90.0kcal |
Gastritis diet example - DAY 4
Breakfast, about 15% kcal TOT | |||
Milk with reduced fat content, 2% | 200ml, 100, 0kcal | ||
Toast biscuits | 40g, 170.4kcal | ||
Generic jam | 30g, 83.4kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
Kiwi | 250g, 152.5kcal | ||
Simple commercial biscuits | 25g, 91.3kcal | ||
Lunch, about 35% kcal TOT | |||
Pasta with eggplant | |||
Semolina pasta | 90g, 320.4kcal | ||
Eggplant | 100g, 24.0kcal | ||
Parmigiano | 10g, 39.2kcal | ||
Steamed chicken breast | |||
Chicken breast, only meat | 100g, 110.0kcal | ||
Lettuce | 100g, 18.0kcal | ||
Italian bread | 30g, 81.3kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 20g, 180.0kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
Pere | 250g, 145.0kcal | ||
Skim milk yogurt | 125g, 70.0kcal | ||
Dinner, about 30% kcal TOT | |||
Chop in a pan | |||
Pork chop, lean meat | 150g, 190.5kcal | ||
Chicory | 200g, 20kcal | ||
Italian bread | 150g, 406, 5kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 15g, 135.0kcal |
Gastritis diet example - DAY 5
Breakfast, about 15% kcal TOT | |||
Milk with reduced fat content, 2% | 200ml, 100, 0kcal | ||
Toast biscuits | 40g, 170.4kcal | ||
Generic jam | 30g, 83.4kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
oranges | 250g, 157.5kcal | ||
Simple commercial biscuits | 25g, 91.3kcal | ||
Lunch, about 35% kcal TOT | |||
Risotto With Peppers | |||
White rice, short grain | 90g, 322.5kcal | ||
Yellow peppers | 100g, 22.0kcal | ||
Parmigiano | 10g, 39.2kcal | ||
Milk flakes | |||
Reduced-fat milk flakes | 120g, 103.2kcal | ||
Radicchio | 100g, 23.0kcal | ||
Italian bread | 30g, 81.3kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 20g, 180.0kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
Apple, with peel | 250g, 130.0kcal | ||
Skim milk yogurt | 125g, 70.0kcal | ||
Dinner, about 30% kcal TOT | |||
Sea bream in foil | |||
Sea bream | 200g, 180kcal | ||
Carrots (grated) | 200g, 41kcal | ||
Italian bread | 150g, 406, 5kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 15g, 135.0kcal |
Gastritis diet example - DAY 6
Breakfast, about 15% kcal TOT | ||||
Milk with reduced fat content, 2% | 200ml, 100, 0kcal | |||
Toast biscuits | 40g, 170.4kcal | |||
Generic jam | 30g, 83.4kcal | |||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | ||||
Mandarins | 250g, 132.5kcal | |||
Simple commercial biscuits | 25g, 91.3kcal | |||
Lunch, about 35% kcal TOT | ||||
Boiled potatoes and parsley | ||||
Potatoes | 500g, 385, 0kcal | |||
Fresh parsley | q, b, | |||
Tuna | ||||
Natural tuna | 80g, 102.4kcal | |||
Rocket salad | 100g, 25.0kcal | |||
Italian bread | 30g, 81.3kcal | |||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 20g, 180.0kcal | |||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | ||||
Pineapple | 250g, 125.0kcal | |||
Skim milk yogurt | 125g, 70.0kcal | |||
Dinner, about 30% kcal TOT | ||||
Fresh cheese | ||||
Spreadable cheese | 70g, 206, 5kcal | |||
Fennel | 200g, 62kcal | |||
Italian bread | 150g, 406, 5kcal | |||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 10g, 90.0kcal |
Gastritis diet example - DAY 7
Breakfast, about 15% kcal TOT | |||
Milk with reduced fat content, 2% | 200ml, 100, 0kcal | ||
Toast biscuits | 40g, 170.4kcal | ||
Generic jam | 30g, 83.4kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
Kiwi | 250g, 152.5kcal | ||
Simple commercial biscuits | 25g, 91.3kcal | ||
Lunch, about 35% kcal TOT | |||
Pizza | |||
Pizza margherita (medium size) | 260g, 704.6kcal | ||
Lettuce | 100g, 18.0kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 10g, 90.0kcal | ||
Snack, about 10% kcal TOT | |||
Pere | 250g, 145.0kcal | ||
Skim milk yogurt | 125g, 70.0kcal | ||
Dinner, about 30% kcal TOT | |||
Soft-boiled eggs | |||
Whole eggs, of hen (50g each without shell) | 100g, 143kcal | ||
spinach | 200g, 46kcal | ||
Italian bread | 150g, 406, 5kcal | ||
TOT extra virgin olive oil | 15g, 135.0kcal |