Related articles: Swollen Gums
Definition
Swelling of the gums is a symptom that often arises in the context of gingival inflammation (gingivitis).
Under normal conditions, the gums have a pink color and should adhere to the dental collar forming a regular profile, without discovering it. In the case of gingivitis, the gums can increase in volume, especially in the area near the tooth, and usually appear red and painful. Furthermore, inflammation can lead to increased sensitivity and ease of bleeding. If the gingivitis is not adequately treated, it can spread to the underlying tissues, ie to the periodontal portion that supports and keeps the tooth attached to the bone tissue. In this case we speak of periodontitis, where the gingival sulcus becomes so deep that it forms a "periodontal pocket" and the gum is removed from the teeth.
Among the main causes that can lead to swollen gums is a too vigorous brushing with a toothbrush and a sudden use of dental floss. These maneuvers can create lesions on the gums, which react by bleeding and swelling.
The most trivial cause of a swollen gum in children is the dental eruption, that is when a tooth has to appear.
Swollen gums can also depend on other factors, including hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy and lactation. Dental reconstructions or inadequate prostheses can also be responsible for gingival swelling. Even a deficiency of vitamin C (scurvy) and vitamin K can affect the gums, which become more fragile and sensitive. Other factors that can contribute to the occurrence of the problem are metabolic pathologies (eg diabetes) and the use of certain categories of drugs (eg anticoagulants and oral contraceptives).
Image of very swollen gums - taken from: med-health.net
Possible Causes * of Swollen Gums
- Gingival abscess
- Diabetes
- Epulis
- Gingivitis
- Periodontitis
- Scurvy
