TARGOSID ® - Teicoplanin

TARGOSID ® is a drug based on Teicoplanin

THERAPEUTIC GROUP: Antimicrobials - antibiotics for systemic use

IndicationsAction mechanismStudies and clinical effectiveness Usage and dosage instructionsWarnings Pregnancy and lactationInteractionsContraindicationsUndesirable effects

Indications TARGOSID ® - Teicoplanin

TARGOSID ® is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to Glycopeptides and in particular to Teicoplanin.

Great efficacy has been demonstrated in the treatment and prophylaxis of osteomyelitis and endocarditis due to Staphylococci, Streptococci and Enterococci, also in association with other antibiotics.

TARGOSID ® mechanism of action - Teicoplanin

Teicoplanin, the active ingredient of TARGOSID ®, is a tetracyclic glycopeptide secondary metabolite of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus, characterized by an amino acid structure to which are associated different glucose residues that influence its pharmacokinetic properties.

Administered intravenously or intramuscularly, Teicoplanin is rapidly distributed to peripheral districts, easily permeating the bacterial wall of Gram positive organisms and exerting on them an impressive bactericidal activity guaranteed by the ability to form a high-affinity molecular complex with the right-alanine dimer terminal of the glycanic pentapeptide, thus preventing the transglycosylase and transpeptidasic function, fundamental in structuring the bacterial wall.

The above mechanism of action to which the activation of the parietal hydrolases is associated determines a greater fragility of the bacterial wall that determines bacteriolysis for osmotic shock.

Despite the great efficacy of action of these antibiotics, a series of changes to the normal bacterial phenotype have been observed over time that have determined the onset of resistance mechanisms, such as those observed for E.faecalis and E.faecium, capable of completely nullify the bactericidal activity of both Teicoplanin and other glycopeptides such as Vancomycin.

After the biological activity, present also in the serous cavities but not in the cerebrospinal fluid, the Teicoplanin is eliminated mainly unchanged, following glomerular filtration, through the urine.

Studies carried out and clinical efficacy

ANTIVIRAL CAPACITIES OF THEICOPLANINE

Study demonstrating the efficacy of a semi-synthetic antibiotic such as Teicoplanin to inhibit viral replication, thus reducing the viral load in patients suffering from Hepatitis C.

GREATER SENSIBILITY OF STAFILOCOCCUS AUREUS AT THE THEOPOPLANINE

Italian study demonstrating the greater presence of Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to Vancomycin rather than to Teicoplanin. These evidences are fundamental in order to correctly adapt the antibiotic therapy, avoiding the onset of further resistance and therefore maintaining a good therapeutic efficacy.

THEICOPLANINE AND ATRIAL BLOCK

Study reporting the onset of atrioventricular block in a patient suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia and subjected simultaneously to Teicoplanin therapy.

These case reports highlight the importance of continuous medical supervision during drug therapies such as Teicoplanin.

Method of use and dosage

TARGOSID ®

Powder and solvent for solution for injection for intramuscular and intravenous use of 200 - 400 mg of Teicoplanin.

Given the specialized use of this antibiotic, both the dosage and the administration should be defined and supervised by medical personnel, who in addition to formulating the optimal dosage according to the patient's clinical conditions should also choose the best possible route of administration.

Warning TARGOSID ® - Teicoplanin

The use of TARGOSID ® must necessarily be supervised by medical personnel, in order to optimize the therapeutic efficacy and at the same time control the potential side effects.

In fact, dosages should be corrected in patients suffering from kidney disease or subjected to other contextual antibiotic treatments.

Prolonged use over time could determine the appearance of resistance mechanisms, responsible for bacterial superinfections and the consequent aggravation of the clinical picture, with the appearance of auditory toxicity, hematology, hepatic and renal.

It is recommended to keep the medicine out of the reach of children.

PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING

Given the absence of clinical trials able to fully characterize the safety profile of the antibiotic for fetal health and for the infant, it is recommended to avoid the use of TARGOSID ® during pregnancy and in the subsequent period of breastfeeding .

Interactions

In order to minimize the potential side effects of Teicoplanin it would be advisable to avoid the simultaneous intake of drugs or active ingredients with ototoxic, nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic and cardiotoxic potential.

Contraindications TARGOSID ® - Teicoplanin

The use of TARGOSID ® is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to the active substance or to one of its excipients in addition to patients suffering from severe renal insufficiency.

Undesirable effects - Side effects

Although treatment with TARGOSID ® is generally well tolerated, different studies and numerous evidences from the common outpatient practice have reported the appearance of pain at the injection site, hypersensitivity reactions with skin rashes and itching, changes in the hematological pattern and rarely gastro-disorders intestinal and hepato-renal.