CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN © is a drug based on Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate

THERAPEUTIC GROUP: Antimicrobials - antibiotics for systemic use

IndicationsAction mechanismStudies and clinical effectiveness Usage and dosage instructionsWarnings Pregnancy and lactationInteractionsContraindicationsUndesirable effects

Indications CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN ® is used clinically in the treatment of infections caused by micro-organisms sensitive to fluoroquinolones and more precisely to Ciprofloxacin.

This treatment has been shown to be effective against infections of the respiratory, genitourinary, gastro-enteric, otorhinolaryngological, skin and soft tissue pathways.

Mechanism of action CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN ® is a drug based on Ciprofloxacin, an active ingredient with bacteriostatic activity belonging to the second-generation Fluoroquinolone family, which therefore has a broader spectrum of action and excellent pharmacokinetic properties.

Taken orally in fact, it is rapidly absorbed at the intestinal level, and in particular in the small intestine, reaching the maximum plasma concentration in about 60-120 minutes and spreading evenly between the various tissues.

Once finished its activity, it is eliminated mainly in unchanged form through the urine, thus managing to carry out also a significant antiseptic action at the urinary level.

This activity is due to the ability of Ciprofloxacin to bind and inhibit bacterial topoisomerase type II and IV, thus blocking the processes of replication, transcription and bacterial repair.

Despite the wide spectrum of action and the excellent bioavailability, different microorganisms have implemented a series of resistance mechanisms capable of reducing the therapeutic efficacy of Ciprofloxacin thus compromising the bacteriostatic activity and thus contributing to the spread of microbial species multi resistant.

Studies carried out and clinical efficacy

DIFFUSION OF STRAIN-RESISTANT STRIPS WITH FLUORICHINOLONI

Very important epidemiological study that demonstrates the increased diffusion of microbial strains resistant to ciprofloxacin therapy, responsible for the significant reduction in the biological efficacy of antibiotic therapy. Among the resistant strains, Stafillococci, E.Coli and Klebsiella were identified.

THE DERIVATIVES OF CIPROFLOXACINA IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

Review describing the importance of pharmaceutical research in the development of new antibiotic derivatives derived from Ciprofloxacin capable of expanding the spectrum of microorganisms sensitive to the same, while reducing the onset of resistance mechanisms.

CYPRUSFLOXACINE BY INHALATION

An extremely interesting study demonstrating that new routes of administration of Ciprofloxacin, such as inhalation, can be effective and safe in the treatment of chronic respiratory infections, especially when sustained by microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aueriginosa.

Method of use and dosage

CIPROXIN ®

250 mg coated tablets - 500 mg - 750 mg of Ciprofloxacin;

500mg - 1000mg Ciprofloxacin modified release coated tablets;

250 mg solution for oral suspension of Ciprofloxacin.

The therapeutic schemes envisaged for the use of CIPROXIN ® must take into account the:

Patient renal function;
Physiopathological situation;
Severity of clinical conditions;
Possible predisposition to the development of secondary pathologies.

Despite this, the therapeutic range generally used ranges between 500 and 1500 mg divided into two different assumptions.

For modified-release tablets it is suggested instead in adults to take one tablet a day.

CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin warnings

The use of CIPROXIN ® should be preceded by a careful medical examination in order to assess the prescriptive appropriateness, especially with regard to the possible presence of conditions incompatible with the therapy based on Fluoroquinolones.

It is important to characterize the type of microorganism responsible for the pathological condition, so that the most suitable pharmacological therapy can be implemented by possibly combining the use of Ciprofloxacin with that of other antibiotics.

Remembering the ability of fluoroquinolones to induce photosensitivity, it would therefore be advisable to avoid direct exposure to ultraviolet rays during CIPROXIN ® therapy.

An adjustment of the normal dosages used would be necessary in patients with reduced renal function, in order to optimize the pharmacokinetic characteristics, and in all patients subjected to contextual pharmacological therapies based on active ingredients metabolized by cytochromial enzyme systems.

It is also important to consider how the use of Ciprofloxacin has rarely been associated with the onset of haemolytic anemia especially in patients with glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme deficiency.

PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING

Despite the current experimental studies, which do not demonstrate a direct toxicity of Ciprofloxacin to the fetus, it would be advisable to avoid the use of this antibiotic during pregnancy and in the subsequent period of breastfeeding.

The use of CIPROXIN ® is also contraindicated during breastfeeding given the ability of Ciprolfloxacin to be secreted unchanged in breast milk.

Interactions

In order to reduce possible complications related to drug interaction, it would be appropriate for the patient receiving CIPROXIN ® to pay attention to the simultaneous intake of:

Foods, supplements and drugs containing divalent metals, given the ability to form chelating complexes, responsible for reducing the therapeutic efficacy of the antibiotic;
Tiazanidine, methotrexate, theophylline, xanthine and phenytoin due to the altered tubular secretion induced by Ciprofloxacin;
Oral anticoagulants, due to the increased anticoagulant activity induced by Ciprofloxacin.

Contraindications CIPROXIN ® Ciprofloxacin

CIPROXIN ® is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to the active substance or to one of its excipients, in patients on tizanidine contextual therapy rather than in patients with chronic renal failure.

Undesirable effects - Side effects

Although the use of CIPROXIN ® is generally safe and free of clinically relevant side effects, the scientific literature and clinical experience demonstrate the appearance of:

Nausea and diarrhea, in more serious cases supported by microorganisms such as Clostriudium Difficile, the etiological agent of pseudomembranous colitis;
Changes in renal and hepatic function;
Headache, irritability, sleep disorders;
Changes in the hematological picture;
Light sensitivity;
Musculoskeletal system disorders.