BACTRIM ® Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

BACTRIM ® is a drug based on Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

THERAPEUTIC GROUP: Antibacterial for systemic use

IndicationsAction mechanismStudies and clinical effectiveness Usage and dosage instructionsWarnings Pregnancy and lactationInteractionsContraindicationsUndesirable effects

Indications BACTRIM ® Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

BACTRIM ® is used in the treatment of infections sustained by microorganisms sensitive to sulfonamides responsible for respiratory, genito-urinary and gastro-enteric infections.

Mechanism of action BACTRIM ® Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

BACTRIM ® is an antibiotic widely used in clinical settings for the broad spectrum of active action both against Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacteria, generally resistant to common antibiotic therapy such as Haemophilus influenzae, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella.

The great clinical efficacy is evidently due to the pharmacological association between Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim, active ingredients belonging respectively to the Sulfonamide and Diaminopyrimidine class, which are therefore characterized by a dual and complementary mechanism of action.

In fact, while Sulfamethoxazole inhibits the dihydropteorate synthetase enzyme, replacing its para-aminobenzoic acid sub-substrate, Trimethoprim acts further downstream by blocking the dihydrofolate bacterial reductase with a decidedly higher affinity than that provided for the eukaryotic enzyme.

The dual mechanism of action leads to the complete impairment of the bacterial synthesis of folates with a consequent bactericidal effect, which by virtue of the favorable pharmacokinetic properties is realized only a few minutes after the drug is taken.

The therapeutic efficacy is further supported by the optimal distribution of antibiotics in the tissues, reaching particularly effective concentrations in the lung, in the sputum, in the saliva, in the tracheobronchial secretions, in the aqueous humor, in the liquor, in the vaginal and prostate secrets.

Studies carried out and clinical efficacy

BACTRIM AND CUTANEOUS INFECTIONS FROM STAFILOCOCCO

Work demonstrating that treatment with Bactrim for 7-15 days may be effective in the treatment of cutaneous Staphylococcus Aureus-induced skin lesions, without determining the onset of clinically relevant adverse reactions.

INTERACTION BETWEEN BACTRIM AND SPIRONOLATTONE

Study demonstrating that treatment with Bactrim may induce hyperkalemia, with its consequences, in patients contextually treated with potassium-sparing diuretics.

This therapeutic combination should therefore be avoided whenever possible.

BACTRIM IN THE TREATMENT OF? ™ OSTEOMIELITE

Study demonstrating that oral administration of Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole may be effective and well tolerated for the treatment of acute osteomyelitis in children.

Method of use and dosage

BACTRIM ®

Soluble tablets and tablets of 160 mg of Trimethoprim and 800 mg of Sulfamethoxazole;

Suspension for oral solution of 80 mg of Trimethoprim and 400 mg of Sulfamethoxazole.

The therapeutic scheme varies according to the patient's age, his physiopathological conditions and the relative clinical picture.

In order to optimize the therapeutic success avoiding the appearance of recurrences, it would be appropriate to continue the therapy for at least 48 hours from the regression of the symptomatology.

Warnings BACTRIM ® Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

Treatment with BACTRIM ® should be preceded and continuously supervised by your doctor in order to establish the prescription appropriateness by minimizing the onset of potential side effects.

In this regard it would be advisable to check the hemochromocytometric formula as well as the markers of hepatic and renal function at the beginning and end of therapy, taking care to adjust the therapy when necessary.

The doctor should inform the patient of the possible side effects of BACTRIM ® therapy, so that the latter can recognize them in time and alarm their doctor, with whom to consider the possibility of suspending the therapy in progress.

BACTRIM ® should be administered with caution in patients with liver and kidney disease, in pediatric and senile patients.

PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING

Given the ability of the active ingredients contained in BACTRIM ® to cross the placenta and the breast filter, it would be advisable to avoid the use of this drug during pregnancy and in the subsequent period of breastfeeding.

Interactions

The patient receiving BACTRIM ® should pay particular attention to the simultaneous administration of:

Oral anticoagulants, due to the? Lengthening of bleeding times;
Oral diuretic and hypoglycemic drugs for potential competitive effects;
Potentially honey, nephro and hepatotoxic drugs due to the increase in possible side effects.

Contraindications BACTRIM ® Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim

The use of BACTRIM ® is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to the active substance or to one of its excipients, in patients with renal insufficiency, liver disorders and enzyme deficiency of glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase.

These contraindications should also be extended to pregnant women or to the subsequent breastfeeding phase and in newborns, due to the increased risk of hyperbilirubinemia.

Undesirable effects - Side effects

Treatment with BACTRIM ®, especially in patients predisposed rather than treated for particularly long periods of time, could determine the appearance of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, headache, irritability, fever and dermatological reactions.