Category endocrinology

Generality Cushing's syndrome is a complex of signs and symptoms generated by chronic exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids, hormones produced by our body and used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Cushing's syndrome can therefore be sustained by endogenous factors (excessive synthesis of glucocorticoids ) or, more commonly, from exogenous factors (treatment with corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednislone, betamethasone, etc

Generality Sheehan syndrome is a rare complication that can affect women during or after childbirth . The condition occurs due to an ischemic pituitary necrosis , generally secondary to a loss of a potentially lethal amount of blood ( uterine haemorrhage ) or to a severe lowering of arterial pressure ( hypotension )

Premise Thyroid symptoms is an improper way to define the symptoms and signs of the pathologies that affect the thyroid gland. The purpose of this article is to list, in a rather schematic way, the main clinical manifestations of the most common thyroid diseases (which, in a country like Italy, affect 20% of the general population)

Generality Thyroglobulin (Tg) is the main constituent of the colloid, contained within the thyroid follicles. More specifically, it is an iodine glycoprotein (containing iodine) produced by thyroid cells (thyrocytes). If necessary, the thyroglobulin is reabsorbed by the colloid, then it is split to give rise to triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)

Generality Thyroiditis is a chronic inflammatory process affecting the thyroid; there are different forms, the most common of which, we will deal with in this article, is Hashimoto's thyroiditis . In this disease the butterfly-shaped gland located in the anterior region of the neck - which is precisely the thyroid - is damaged by abnormal antibodies

Generality Thyrotropin- releasing hormone is a small pepetide produced by the hypothalamus. Also known as TRH (an acronym from the English word " Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone "), once secreted by the hypothalamus, it reaches the anterior pituitary, where it stimulates the release of hormones: thyrotropin (TSH) , prolactin (which ensures the milk supply at the end of pregnancy) and growth hormone (GH)

Generality TSH is a hormone that directly affects thyroid activity . With its presence, TSH promotes the absorption of iodine and the release of the hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in the bloodstream. Also called thyrostimulant hormone, thyrotropic hormone or thyrotropin , TSH is produced by the anterior pituitary gland (a small gland located at the base of the skull)

Causes and Classification Thyroid cancer is caused by the abnormal development of some cells of this gland, similar to a butterfly, located at the base of the neck just below the Adam's apple. Thyroid cancer very often manifests itself in a benign form and rather rarely in malignant forms (assuming in this case the name of thyroid cancer)

Generality The endocrinologist is the doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the endocrine system. Deep knowledge of hormonal mechanisms and endocrine glands, the endocrinologist deals with medical conditions, such as, for example, diabetes, thyroid disease, tumors of the endocrine glands, hypogonadism, Addison's disease, the precocious puberty, growth problems, menopausal problems in women and hirsutism

Generality Male hypogonadism is the condition by which a man's gonads - or testicles - no longer produce physiological amounts of testosterone. Testosterone is the main male sex hormone. The presence of male hypogonadism can depend on a problem inherent in the testicles (in this case we speak of primary male hypogonadism) or from a problem at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, an axis that controls the activity of the testicles (secondary male hypogonadism)