XAMAMINA ® - Dimenidrinato

XAMAMINA ® is a drug based on dimenhydrinate

THERAPEUTIC GROUP: Antiemetic and antinausea

IndicationsAction mechanismStudies and clinical effectiveness Usage and dosage instructionsWarnings Pregnancy and lactationInteractionsContraindicationsUndesirable effects

Indications XAMAMINA ® - Dimenidrinato

XAMAMINA ® is indicated in controlling nausea and vomiting in patients with seasickness, airplane sickness, car sickness and train sickness.

Mechanism of action XAMAMINA ® - Dimenhydrinate

XAMAMINA ® is a drug based on dimenhydrinate, an active ingredient counted among the first generation antihistamines, given its reversible inhibitory activity against histamine H1 receptors.

Although this represents its main mechanism of action, some of its biological effects remain unclear, whose extrinsication has not been associated with any type of molecular mechanism.

However in light of the most recent scientific evidence, the antinausea and antiemetic action of Dimenhydrinate seems to associate:

To the sedating action towards the central nervous system, thanks to the direct action towards the receptors located in the hypothalamic areas involved in the control of the sleep-wake rhythm;
At the inhibitory action against the vestibular apparatus, whose hyperstimulation would represent one of the main mechanisms involved in the genesis of nausea and vomiting;
Anticholinergic action can control the activity of both vestibular and central systems involved in the onset of nausea and vomiting.

Taken orally Dimedrinato is rapidly absorbed, finding itself in detectable quantities in the blood after just 15 minutes, to reach maximum plasma concentrations after a few hours and be eliminated in the form of inactive catabolites via the kidney after 6-7 hours.

Studies carried out and clinical efficacy

THE DIMENIDRINATE IN THE PREVENTION OF THE POSTOPERATIVE VOMITING

Anesth Analg. 2004 Jun; 98 (6): 1660-4, table of contents.

Study that demonstrates how the addition of dimenhydrinate to the classic anti-emetic therapy can significantly reduce episodes of post-operative vomiting in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopy.

DIMENIDRINATE IN VERTEEN THERAPY

Int Tinnitus J. 2008; 14 (1): 57-67.

Work that demonstrates how the association of Dimenidrinato with the classic antivertigo therapy, can determine a better therapeutic resolution, reducing both the vertigo and the related associated symptomatology.

DIMENIDRINATE AND ACUTE GASTROENTERITE IN SMALL PATIENTS

Pediatrics. 2012 Jun; 129 (6): 1050-5.

Study demonstrating that dimenhydrinate is ineffective in reducing the incidence and frequency of vomiting in small patients suffering from acute gastroenteritis, reaffirming its preventive rather than symptomatic role.

Method of use and dosage

XAMAMINA ®

25 mg chewable gums of Dimedrinato;

Capsules for oral use of 50 mg of Dimedrinato;

25 mg chewable tablets of Dimedrinato.

Taking into account what are the pharmacokinetic properties of Dimedrinate taken by mouth with chewable gums or chewable tablets or capsules, it would be preferable to take the drug half an hour before the trip, to renew it after 3-4 hours up to a maximum of 4 compresses 24-hour rubber capsules.

In children it is necessary to use half doses compared to adults, therefore resorting to the use of 25 mg tablets or gums.

Warnings XAMAMINA ® - Dimenidrinato

It would be necessary, before using XAMAMINA ®, to consult your doctor in order to verify the possible presence of contraindications to the use of this drug.

In fact, it should be remembered that the Dimedrinato could mask symptoms of ototoxicity, or alter the clinical course of the symptoms present in epileptic patients, suffering from bronchial asthma, urinary retention, narrow-angle glaucoma or prostatic hypertrophy.

It is also useful to consider:

The presence of lactose in chewable tablets, which makes the drug generally contraindicated in patients with lactase enzyme deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome or galactose intolerance;
The presence of sorbitol in the capsules, contraindicating the use of the drug in patients suffering from hereditary problems of fructose intolerance.
The presence of parabens in soft capsules, potentially responsible for hypersensitivity reactions.

The patient on antihistamine therapy should avoid using the machine and using machines, given the sedating action of these drugs at the central level.

PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING

Despite the studies present in the literature at the time, they do not show teratogenic and mutagenic effects induced by dimenhydrinate, its ability to easily cross the blood-forming barrier and the breast filter, exposing itself to the fetus in relevant concentrations, extends the contraindications to the use of XAMAMINA ® also during pregnancy and subsequent breastfeeding period.

Interactions

Considering the nervous and anticholinergic effects of dimenhydrinate it would be advisable to avoid the simultaneous intake of drugs with sedating activity on the central nervous system as well as other anticholinergics.

It should also be remembered that dimenhydrinate could mask the ototoxic action of other drugs, thus making the damage irreversible.

Contraindications XAMAMINA ® - Dimenidrinato

The use of XAMAMINA ® is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or to one of its excipients or to other structurally related molecules, in children under the age of 2 years and during lactation and pregnancy.

Undesirable effects - Side effects

Although therapy with XAMAMINA ® is generally safe, various clinical trials associate the use of dimenhydrinate with the appearance of sedation, drowsiness, loss of appetite, headache, dry mouth, nausea and photosensitivity.

Rarely are episodes of tachycardia, hypotension, insomnia and vertigo.