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Morniflumato di I.Randi

Generality

Morniflumate is an active ingredient belonging to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (also known as NSAIDs ).

Morniflumate can be given to adults and - at appropriate dosages - even to children. It is available in different pharmaceutical forms, such as tablets, granules for oral suspension, ready-to-use oral suspension and suppositories .

As a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, morniflumate is able to act on inflammation, pain and fever . For this reason, it can be used in the treatment of inflammatory states - associated or not with fever and pain - that involve different parts of the body.

From the chemical point of view, morniflumate is the beta-morpholinoethyl ester of 2 [[3- (trifluoromethyl) -phenyl] -amino] 3-pyridincarboxylic acid.

Examples of Medicinal Specialties containing Morniflumato

  • FloMax®
  • Flumarin®
  • Morniflu®
  • Niflam®

Therapeutic indications

When is the use of Morniflumato indicated?

Morniflumate is able to counteract inflammation, pain and fever in both adults and children. However, therapeutic indications may vary according to the age of the patient.

More precisely, in adult patients, morniflumate is indicated to counteract inflammatory states - associated or not with fever and / or pain - against:

  • Ear (otitis);
  • Nasal cavities (sinusitis);
  • Tonsils and throat (tonsillitis, pharyngitis and laryngitis);
  • Trachea and bronchi (tracheitis and bronchitis);
  • Bladder and urethra (cystitis and urethritis);
  • Prostate (prostatitis);
  • Vagina, ovaries and tubes (vaginitis and adnexitis);
  • Osteo-articular and muscular apparatus (tendinitis, synovitis, bursitis, arthritis, epicondylitis, etc.);
  • Veins (thrombophlebitis).

In addition to what has been said so far, morniflumate can also be used to counteract pain and inflammation due to trauma or surgical operations (for example, tooth extractions, gynecological operations, etc.).

In children, however, the use of morniflumato is indicated in cases of otitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis and laryngitis.

Warnings

Warnings and Precautions for the use of Morniflum

Before taking morniflum in any pharmaceutical form, you must inform your doctor if:

  • Other NSAIDs are being hired;
  • You suffer or have suffered in the past from diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract;
  • You suffer from asthma, chronic sinusitis and / or nasal polyps;
  • You are suffering from chicken pox (in fact, NSAIDs could worsen the severity of the skin exanthema typical of this disease);
  • You suffer from kidney and / or liver disorders / diseases;
  • You suffer from cardiovascular diseases of any kind.

Furthermore, morniflumate therapy should be discontinued and the doctor immediately contacted in the event of:

  • Occurrence of symptoms affecting the digestive system and, in particular, stomach pain, bowel pain and / or bleeding;
  • Appearance of skin rashes or mucosal lesions;
  • Appearance of allergic reactions of any kind. In this regard, we recall that the allergic manifestations in question can be characterized by:
    • Skin redness;
    • Itch;
    • Angioedema;
    • Sudden drop in blood pressure.

Finally, remember that - since morniflumato could cause side effects such as dizziness, reduced reflexes and tiredness - it would be good to avoid driving vehicles and machinery after taking the active ingredient.

Pharmacological Interactions

Interactions of Morniflumate with Other Drugs

Because of the drug interactions that could occur, before starting a morniflumated treatment, you need to tell your doctor if you are taking:

  • Anti-inflammatory drugs of a steroid nature ( corticosteroids );
  • Anticoagulant and / or antiplatelet drugs (such as, for example, warfarin, acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel, etc.);
  • Antihypertensive drugs and diuretic drugs (ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists, beta-blocker drugs, etc.);
  • Selective inhibitors of serotonin reuptake or SSRIs (these are antidepressant drugs);
  • Lithium salts (used in the treatment of bipolar disorder);
  • Immunosuppressive drugs, such as tacrolimus and cyclosporine;
  • Anti- cancer drugs such as methotrexate;
  • Trimethoprim (active ingredient from the antibiotic action);
  • Potassium salts .

In any case, it is always good to inform your doctor if you are taking - or have recently been taken - drugs or substances of any other type, including non-prescription medicines (SOP), OTC drugs, the herbal and herbal products and homeopathic products.

Side effects

Side effects caused by the intake of Morniflum

Like any drug, even morniflumate is able to cause side effects of different kinds, even if not all patients manifest them, or manifest them in the same way. In fact, each individual reacts differently to the administration of the active ingredient in question. However, the main side effects that may appear later and during therapy with morniflumate are briefly described below.

Gastrointestinal disorders

The intake of morniflumate can lead to the appearance of:

  • Nausea and vomit;
  • Diarrhea or constipation;
  • Flatulence;
  • Abdominal pain;
  • heartburn;
  • Melena and hematemesis;
  • Formation of ulcers at gastric and / or enteric level;
  • Gastrointestinal perforation;
  • Gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders

During morniflumate therapy, side effects on the skin and subcutaneous tissues may occur, such as:

  • Rashes and hives;
  • Dermatitis;
  • Itch;
  • Erythema multiforme;
  • Bullous eruptions;
  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome;
  • Photosensitivity dermatitis.

Cardiovascular disorders

The treatment with morniflumate could give rise to side effects on the cardiovascular system, such as hypertension or hypotension, heart failure, vasculitis and myocardial infarction.

Kidney and urinary tract disorders

Morniflumate therapy may cause:

  • Acute renal failure;
  • hematuria;
  • Tubulo-interstitial nephritis;
  • Nephrotic syndrome.

Other side effects

Other side effects that can occur if morniflumate is taken are:

  • Even very serious allergic reactions, up to anaphylactic shock;
  • Headache and dizziness;
  • Thrombocytopenia and / or leukopenia;
  • Worsening of cutaneous manifestations of pre-existing infections (for example, chickenpox);
  • Alteration of liver function test results;
  • False positive urine test for cannabinoid determination.

Disorders related to the site of administration

Following administration of morniflumate in the form of suppositories (rectal administration), it is possible to experience local toxicity. The risk of incurring a similar side effect increases with the duration of the treatment with the drug.

Overdose

If an overdose of morniflumato is taken, they can occur:

  • Headache;
  • Drowsiness;
  • Gastrointestinal irritation;
  • Renal disorders.

Treatment of overdose is generally symptomatic. If the active ingredient is taken orally, it is possible to resort to gastric lavage or to the administration of activated charcoal.

Please note

In the event of any side effects appearing - even (and even more so) if not included on the package insert of the medicine - it is good to stop taking the drug and inform your doctor immediately.

Action mechanism

How does Morniflumato work?

Morniflumate is able to counteract inflammation, pain and fever ( anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic action ) by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase (or COX).

Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme of which three different isoforms are known: COX-1, COX-2 and COX-3.

COX-1 is a constitutive isoform, normally present in cells and involved in the mechanisms of cellular homeostasis. COX-2, on the other hand, is an inducible isoform that is produced by activated inflammatory cells (inflammatory cytokines). The task of these enzymes is to convert arachidonic acid into prostaglandins, prostacyclines and thromboxanes. Prostaglandins, in particular, are involved in inflammatory processes, painful processes and elevated body temperature.

The morniflumato - through the inhibition of COX-2 activity - prevents the formation of the aforementioned mediators responsible for fever, pain and inflammation.

Compared to other NSAIDs, morniflumate appears to be more tolerated at the gastric level, probably because it does not inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins with cytoprotective activity (PGI2 and PGE2).

Method of use and Posology

How to take Morniflumato

Morniflumate is available in pharmaceutical formulations suitable for oral administration (tablets, oral suspension and granules for oral suspension), and for rectal administration (suppositories for adults and suppositories for children).

The type of pharmaceutical form to be used and the dosage must be established by the doctor. However, in general, the dosages normally used are the following:

Adults

To counteract different types of inflammatory conditions, whether or not associated with pain and fever, the recommended dose in adult patients is 700 mg of active ingredient twice a day.

Senior citizens

The dose of morniflumato usually recommended in elderly patients over 65 years of age is 350 mg two or three times a day.

children

The dose of morniflumate indicated for the treatment of inflammatory states, possibly associated with fever and pain, depends on the patient's age and body weight:

  • Children up to 4 years of age with a body weight of 10-15 kg : 175 mg of morniflumato per day.
  • Children between the ages of 4 and 8 with a body weight of 15-25 kg : 175 mg of morniflum twice a day.
  • Children aged between 8 and 14 years with a body weight of 25-45 kg : 350 mg of morniflumato twice a day.

In children, the duration of therapy with morniflumate should not exceed four or five days. For more information, contact your trusted pediatrician.

Please note

The correct dosage of the morniflumato will be defined by the doctor (or by the pediatrician) at the time of the prescription of the drug on the basis of the characteristics and needs of each patient (presence of any diseases, general state of health, etc.).

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Can Morniflumato be taken during pregnancy and during lactation?

Generally, the use of morniflumate is contraindicated after the sixth month of gestation . The use of the drug in the first six months of pregnancy should only take place if prescribed by your doctor and only if actually necessary. Furthermore, as a precautionary measure, it is good to avoid taking the drug even during breastfeeding. If morniflumate is absolutely necessary, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Contraindications

When the Morniflumato should not be used

The use of morniflumate is contraindicated in the following cases:

  • Known allergy to the same morniflumato or to other NSAIDs (salicylates included);
  • Allergy known to any of the excipients contained in the medicinal product to be used (the excipients may vary according to the pharmaceutical form);
  • Patients who suffer or have suffered in the past from a gastroduodenal ulcer;
  • Patients with perforation of the stomach and / or intestine caused by taking medication;
  • Patients with liver, kidney or heart disease;
  • Children under the age of six months or under the age of 12 (this type of contraindication varies depending on the medicine used, for more information, see the information leaflet of the medicine prescribed by the doctor);
  • Children with a history of inflammation and / or rectal bleeding or ulcer.
  • Mothers who have passed the sixth month of pregnancy.

Clearly, the use of morniflum-based medicines specially formulated for the adult population (for example, morniflumato in suppositories for adults) is always contraindicated in children of any age.

Furthermore, the granulated morniflumate for oral suspension should not be used in patients with phenylketonuria.

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