DALACIN ® Clindamycin

DALACIN ® is a drug based on Clindamycin hydrochloride

THERAPEUTIC GROUP: Antimicrobials - Antibiotics for systemic use

IndicationsAction mechanismStudies and clinical effectiveness Usage and dosage instructionsWarnings Pregnancy and lactationInteractionsContraindicationsUndesirable effects

Indications DALACIN ® Clindamycin

DALACIN ® is used in the clinical setting to deal with infections generally supported by anaerobic microorganisms sensitive to Clindamycin and for example resistant to penicillins.

Lincosamides represent a second-choice drug given the high toxic potential.

Mechanism of action DALACIN ® Clindamycin

DALACIN ® is a drug based on Clindamycin, an active ingredient obtained from Lincomycin, with which it shares the same mechanism of action but not the pharmacokinetic characteristics, which are decidedly better.

Compared to its progenitor, Clindamycin, taken on its own, has a greater bioavailability, equal to about 90% of the total dose taken, and a reduced time at peak, reaching maximum plasma concentrations in just 40-60 minutes.

Distributing homogeneously in the various tissues, except the nervous one, given the inability to cross the blood-brain barrier with intact meninges, Clindamycin carries out its therapeutic activity by binding the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting the peptidltransferase enzyme responsible for the elongation of nascent peptide chain.

This biological activity, similar to that of macrolides, gives the drug DALACIN ® a mainly bacteriostatic type of action, preventing the proliferation and colonization of the various pathogenic species.

At the end of its activity, Clindamycin is partially metabolized to the hepatic level and eliminated significantly by the bile.

Studies carried out and clinical efficacy

1. THE EFFICIENCY OF THE CLINDAMYCIN IN THE TREATMENT OF CEREBRAL TOXOPLASMOSIS

Oman Med J. 2012 Sep; 27 (5): 411-2.

Very interesting case report that demonstrates how Clindamycin treatment was effective in promptly guaranteeing a regression of the clinical picture present during cerebral toxoplasmosis.

2. THE DIFFUSION OF MULTI-EXISTING MICROBIAL STRIPS

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 Sep; 74 (1): 16-21.

Epidemiological work demonstrating the increase in the spread of multiresistant Staphylococci, therefore also insensitive to Clindamycin. This diffusion could significantly compromise the therapeutic capacity of response, aggravating the prognosis.

3. CLINICALLY AND MALARIA

Malar J. 2012 Jan 4; 11: 2. doi: 10.1186 / 1475-2875-11-2.

Very interesting clinical trial that demonstrates the poor effectiveness of Clindamycin used together with quinine, in the treatment of even the most complicated forms of malaria. However, experts in the field still seem to be debating the real potential of this combined treatment.

Method of use and dosage

DALACIN ®

150-300 mg hard capsules of Clindamycin.

The therapeutic scheme envisaged for Clindamycin varies considerably according to the clinical picture, the patient's physiopathological conditions and the possible combination with complementary antibiotic therapies.

In principle, the range between 600 and 1200 mg per day should be divided into 3-4 assumptions given the short half-life of the active ingredient.

The dosage schedules for cerebral toxoplasmosis, pneumocystis pneumonia or gynecological and pelvic infection maintenance therapies are different.

Warnings DALACIN ® Clindamycin

The systemic use of Clindamycin, as well as that of lincosamides, is in most cases associated with the development of unpleasant adverse reactions especially of the gastroenterological type, such as abdominal cramps, nausea and persistent diarrhea, often associated with opportunistic Clostridium Difficile infections, Etiological agent of pseudomembranous colitis.

Given these effects and considering the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the active ingredient, it would therefore be appropriate to undergo a careful medical examination to assess the possible presence of conditions incompatible with the administration of Clindamycin, before taking DALACIN ®.

Maximum caution is recommended when using this drug in patients with gastro-enteric, hepatic and renal diseases.

DALACIN ® contains lactose among its excipients, therefore its use is contraindicated in patients with lactase enzyme deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome and lactose intolerance.

PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEEDING

Given the absence of clinical trials able to clarify the safety profile of Clindamycin on the exposed fetus and its ability to be excreted in breast milk at significant concentrations, the use of DALACIN ® during pregnancy and in the subsequent period is not recommended breastfeeding.

Interactions

Patients on DALACIN ® therapy should pay particular attention to the simultaneous intake of other antibiotics such as macrolides, for the enhancement of both the therapeutic effect and adverse reactions, and erythromycin, for the reduction of therapeutic efficacy.

Different studies have also shown how Clindamycin can enhance the blocking activity of drugs with inhibitory action on the neuromuscular system.

Contraindications DALACIN ® Clindamycin

The use of DALACIN ® is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the active ingredient or to one of its excipients.

Undesirable effects - Side effects

Clindamycin is known to be a second-choice active ingredient in the treatment of anaerobic germ infections due to its potential side effects.

Particularly relevant are the effects on the gastrointestinal tract subjected to nausea, vomiting, cramping abdominal pains, persistent diarrhea and in more serious cases also pseudomembranous colitis.

More rarely there have been side effects such as headache, itching, dermatological allergic reactions and hypertransaminasemia.