Hypercaloric Diet Example

Premise

The following indications are for information purposes EXCLUSIVELY and are not intended to replace the opinion of professional figures such as doctor, nutritionist or dietician, whose intervention is necessary for the prescription and composition of CUSTOMIZED food therapies.

High-calorie diet

The high-calorie diet is a useful diet to provide more energy, nutrients and water than the diet for weight maintenance; it is used in the restoration of the weight (weight INCREASE) of the subjects evaluated in underweight (ie with a body mass index <18.5 points), and / or malnourished.

In some cases, the high-calorie diet can be a valid support for heavy gymnastics workouts focused on the development of muscle mass (increase of the transverse section of the bundles), as long as they respect the fundamental principles of dietetics.

Principles of the high-calorie diet

The high-calorie diet provides more nutrients than those needed to keep body weight constant and, like other food therapies, must be made based on some fundamental principles:

Nutritional balance of energy macronutrients: 25% lipids, 0.75-1.5g / kg of desirable physiological weight of protein, the rest of the energy in the form of carbohydrates
Guarantee of essential nutrients, vitamins and mineral salts (just follow the guidelines of a good and healthy diet)
MAXIMUM energy surplus of 10% compared to norm-caloric
Containment of potentially harmful nutrients in excess: cholesterol, added sucrose, sodium chloride (Na), saturated fats, in some cases even fiber, etc.
Energy allocation of meals in at least 5 or 6 meals a day.

Practical indications

On a practical level, the high-calorie diet is not difficult to draw up; it is sufficient to set up a norm-caloric + 10% of the energy, adapt the protein intake according to need (between 0.75 and 1.5g / kg) and correctly choose the foods to achieve all the recommended needs (iron, calcium, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, etc.).

NOTES : The high-calorie diet must be followed exclusively for the period useful to restore the condition of EU nutrition, of normal weight, or (reasonably) to the achievement of the sports goal.

Example setting and translation high-calorie diet

INDICATED FOR:

"University student passionate about videogames"

INITIAL SETTING

Sex				Male
Age				20
Stature cm				170
Wrist circumference cm				17.5
Constitution				Normal
Stature / wrist				9.7
Morphological type				normolineo
Weight kg				50
Body mass index				17.3
Desirable physiological body mass index				21.7
Desirable physiological weight kg				62-63 (62.7)
Basal kcal metabolism				1011
Coefficient of physical activity level				No Aus. 1.41
Kcal energy expenditure				1426
Diet	IPO CALORICA			1568Kcal
Lipids	30%		392Kcal	43-44
Protein	1.2g / kg		301Kcal	75g
Carbohydrates	55.8%		875kcal	233g
Alcohol				0g
Breakfast	15%	236kcal
Snack	5%	78kcal
Lunch	35%	549kcal
Snack	5%	78kcal
Dinner	35%	549kcal
Snack	5%	78kcal

Translation of the day 1

EXAMPLE TRANSLATION DAY 1 - HYPERCALORIC DIET 1568kcal
Food	Quantity (go ml)	Proteins (g)	Ac, animal fats (g)	Simple glucos (g)	Energy (kcal)	Sodium (Na)	Cholesterol (mg)
Breakfast 15%
Whole cow's milk	200	6.2	6.8	9.6	122	100	28
Aggregate cereals	40	4.3	0.0	2.6	136.8	148	0
SUBTOT		10.5	6.8	12.2	258.8	248	28

5% snack
Apple	150	0.3	0	16.5	67.5	3	0
SUBTOT		0.3	0	16.5	67.5	3	0

Lunch 35%
Pasta with tomato sauce
Semolina pasta	90	9.7	0	2.4	320.4	4.5	0
Tomato sauce	100	0.8	0	3	14	230	0
Grain	10	3.6	2.5	0.4	38	44.6	8.5
Lettuce	100	1.8	0	2.2	19	9	0
Bread type 00	25	2.1	0	0.5	72.5	160	0
Extrav oil, TOT olive	10	0	0	0	90	0	0
SUBTOT		18	2.5	8.5	553.9	448.1	8.5

5% snack
Partially Skimmed Yogurt	125	4.4	4.9	4.5	78.8	60	22.5
SUBTOT		4.4	4.9	4.5	78.8	60	22.5

Dinner 35%
Lean meat pork	200	39.8	13.6	0	282	152	120
Zucchini	200	2.6	0	2.6	22	2	0
Bread type 00	50	4.1	0	1	145	120	0
Extrav oil, TOT olive	10	0	0	0	90	0	0
SUBTOT		46.5	13.6	3.6	539	272	120

5% snack
Pear with peel	200	0.5	0	14.3	61.5	3	0
SUBTOT		0.5	0	14.3	61.5	3	0
TOTAL		80.2	27.8	59.6	1559.5	1034.1	179

Comment

In the table above the most important nutrients for the high-calorie diet have been translated; observing the portions of consumption and the values obtained in the total, it seems obvious that always and in any case returning to the recommended rations summarized in the LARN (Recommended Nutrient Intake Levels for the Italian population) is not an easy task.

The protein quota is acceptable, even if slightly higher than the estimate of the initial setting; the fatty acids of animal origin (probably with a saturated prevalence) are higher than 10% of the total energy but, on the other hand, are quantitatively lower than the national average (36g / day - 12% of the total energy). The amount of cholesterol is well below the recommended limit (300mg / day), as well as the sodium contained in food (included in the safety range proposed by the Commission of the European Communities, 1993: 575 mg / day - 3500 mg / die) even if it does not take into account that added by the subject.

High-calorie diet menu example - Day 2

			Quantity (g)
Breakfast
	Whole cow's milk		200
	Integral biscuits		30
Snack
	Orange		200
Lunch 35%
	Beans in broth
		Fresh beans	200
		Grain	10
	Radicchio		100
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Partially Skimmed Yogurt		125
Dinner 35%
	Sea bream		200
	Eggplant		200
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Kaki		100

High-calorie diet menu example - Day 3

			Quantity (g)
Breakfast
	Whole cow's milk		200
	Aggregate cereals		40
Snack
	Apple		200
Lunch 35%
	Pumpkin risotto
		Polished rice	90
		Zuccha	100
		Grain	10
	Valerian		100
	Bread type 00		25
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Partially Skimmed Yogurt		125
Dinner 35%
	Cow ricotta		150
	carrots		200
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		5
5% snack
	Pear		100

High-calorie diet menu example - Day 4

			Quantity (g)
Breakfast
	Whole cow's milk		200
	Integral biscuits		30
Snack
	Orange		200
Lunch 35%
	Polenta with white sauce
		corn flour	60
		Minced mixed meat	60
		Grain	10
	Radicchio		100
	Bread type 00		25
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		5
5% snack
	Partially Skimmed Yogurt		125
Dinner 35%
	Sea bass		200
	Fennel		200
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Grapes		100

High-calorie diet menu example - Day 5

			Quantity (g)
Breakfast
	Whole cow's milk		200
	Aggregate cereals		40
Snack
	Apple		200
Lunch 35%
	Barley soup
		Shined barley	90
		Grain	10
	Lettuce		100
	Bread type 00		25
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Partially Skimmed Yogurt		125
Dinner 35%
	Provolone		60
	Potatoes		150
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		5
5% snack
	Pear		100

High-calorie diet menu example - Day 6

			Quantity (g)
Breakfast
	Whole cow's milk		200
	Integral biscuits		30
Snack
	Orange		200
Lunch 35%
	Chickpea puree
		Dried chickpeas	60
		Grain	10
	Radicchio		100
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Partially Skimmed Yogurt		125
Dinner 35%
	Salmon		150
	Eggplant		200
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		5
5% snack
	Kaki		100

High-calorie diet menu example - Day 7

			Quantity (g)
Breakfast
	Whole cow's milk		200
	Aggregate cereals		40
Snack
	Apple		200
Lunch 35%
	Pasta with peppers
		Semolina pasta	90
		Mixed peppers	80
		Grain	10
	Valerian		100
	Bread type 00		25
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Partially Skimmed Yogurt		125
Dinner 35%
	eggs		100
	Potatoes		200
	Bread type 00		50
	Extrav oil, TOT olive		10
5% snack
	Pear		100

Supplements for the hypercaloric diet

In the event that the subject has particular difficulty in following the high-calorie diet, there remains the possibility of resorting to some food supplements; personally I would avoid the pure ones, that is mainly protein or the maltodextrins for endurance sports. On the contrary, it is advisable to use gainer- type products, which in their composition (in addition to vitamins and mineral salts) are able to sufficiently satisfy both the energy needs of carbohydrates and the plastic ones of proteins and amino acids.