Hemophilia is a recessive inherited genetic disorder that alters the normal process of blood clotting and leads to prolonged bleeding .
To cause hemophilia in an individual, it is a genetic mutation present at the level of the sex chromosome X; this mutation is generally inherited from one of the two parents, who also carries the same chromosomal anomaly.
The recessive nature of hemophilia means that women are usually healthy carriers and men are generally sick. For a woman to be sick, a double identical mutation is needed on both X sex chromosomes.
Hemophilia is a hereditary disease linked to sexual chromosomes that is well known not only for its scientific aspect, but also for its historical aspect. In fact, the famous Queen Victoria, sovereign of the United Kingdom from 1837 to 1901 and wife of Albert of Saxony, was the most illustrious healthy carrier of this disease. According to various historical sources and from the analysis of the real family tree, the queen would have transmitted the mutation to at least three of her sons: to two females, who continued to spread the mutation to their descendants, and to a male, who did not he had children.
